Question 1

How many CAGE questions need to be positive for a significant screen?

Accepted Answer

The standard cutoff is 2 or more positive responses (sensitivity ~77%, specificity ~94%). However, SAMHSA recommends lowering to 1 positive response in primary care to improve detection of at-risk drinking. A single positive 'Eye-opener' response may warrant further inquiry (Ewing, 1984).

Question 2

What are the limitations of the CAGE compared to the AUDIT?

Accepted Answer

The CAGE uses a lifetime timeframe and doesn't distinguish current from past problems; it's less effective at detecting hazardous drinking before dependence; and it may have gender and ethnic biases. The AUDIT assesses current patterns and detects a fuller spectrum of alcohol-related problems.

Question 3

Is the CAGE appropriate for screening substance use beyond alcohol?

Accepted Answer

The original CAGE is specifically for alcohol. The CAGE-AID (Adapted to Include Drugs) expands questions to screen for both alcohol and drug problems. If broader substance screening is needed, use the CAGE-AID or a tool like the DAST.

Question 4

Does a positive CAGE screen confirm an alcohol use disorder?

Accepted Answer

No. The CAGE is a screening instrument. A positive screen indicates the need for comprehensive evaluation including quantity/frequency assessment, AUDIT for current patterns, clinical interview, and laboratory markers. The lifetime timeframe means positive results could reflect past problems that have since resolved.

Question 5

What does my CAGE score mean?

Accepted Answer

We have a detailed scoring guide that explains how to interpret your CAGE results, including severity ranges and recommended clinical actions. Read our full scoring guide.

CAGE: Quick Alcohol Screening Questionnaire

Take the CAGE assessment. Brief 4-item alcohol screening tool for identifying alcohol use disorders. Evidence-based lifetime alcohol problem screening.

Frequently asked questions

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